Heat the olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the kielbasa rounds in a single layer and cook without moving for 2 minutes. Flip each piece and cook for another minute until deeply browned. Remove to a plate.
Add the diced onion to the skillet and cook, stirring occasionally, for 4 to 5 minutes until softened. Add the minced garlic and smoked paprika and cook for 30 seconds until fragrant.
Pour about ¼ cup of the chicken broth into the skillet and scrape up the browned bits from the bottom. Pour this mixture into the slow cooker.
Spread a thin layer of the kielbasa-onion mixture across the bottom of the slow cooker. Arrange half of the frozen pierogies in a single layer over the top (overlap slightly if needed).
In a small bowl, whisk together the remaining chicken broth, softened cream cheese, and sour cream until smooth. Pour about one-third of this sauce over the pierogies and sprinkle with ½ cup of the shredded cheddar.
Repeat the layers: remaining kielbasa-onion mixture, remaining frozen pierogies, another third of the sauce, and another ½ cup of cheddar.
Cover and cook on LOW for 3 hours or on HIGH for 1 hour 30 minutes, until the pierogies are tender when pierced with a fork.
Uncover and sprinkle the remaining ½ cup of cheddar evenly over the top. If your slow cooker insert is broiler-safe, broil for 2 to 3 minutes until golden and bubbly. Otherwise, let the cheese melt with the lid off for 10 minutes.
Let the casserole rest for 5 to 10 minutes before serving. The sauce thickens as it stands. Scoop out generous portions, making sure to get all the layers.